Specific Impulse Calculator

Enter any two of specific impulse (or exhaust velocity), thrust, and mass flow, and the third is computed. Isp is reported in seconds, using the standard gravity g0 = 9.80665 m/s² even for a vacuum burn — the same convention as this site’s rocket-equation calculator. Optionally add a mass ratio for the ideal Δv.

seconds

ve = Isp × g0. If both are entered they must agree.

Ideal Δv = ve ln(m0/mf). For multi-stage burns use the rocket equation calculator.

Results

Specific impulse

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Definitions

Isp = F / (ṁ g0) = ve / g0
ve = Isp × g0
F = ṁ ve = ṁ × Isp × g0

g0 is the standard gravity 9.80665 m/s² used to define specific impulse, even for a vacuum burn — the same convention as the rocket equation page. Isp is reported in seconds. In US customary units the same number of seconds is F (lbf) / ẇ (lbf/s). A 10,000 N engine at 300 s therefore consumes about 3.399 kg/s of propellant, with ve = 2,942 m/s.

Ideal Δv

If you enter a mass ratio, the page also reports the ideal Tsiolkovsky increment Δv = ve ln(m0/mf). Multi-stage problems, mixed units of mass, and a payload breakdown belong on the rocket-equation calculator.

Sources

Sutton & Biblarz, Rocket Propulsion Elements; NASA Glenn Beginner’s Guide to Propulsion (specific impulse); Tsiolkovsky rocket equation.

Frequently asked questions

Why is Isp in seconds, not meters per second?

The modern definition divides exhaust velocity by standard gravity, leaving a time. The useful physical quantity is still ve = Isp × g0. Some SI texts call ve itself a specific impulse in N·s/kg (which is m/s); this page keeps the seconds convention used in the rocket-equation calculator.

Does 1 lbf per 1 lbf/s really equal 1 second of Isp?

Yes. In US customary units Isp (seconds) is thrust in lbf divided by weight flow in lbf/s, so 1 / 1 = 1 s. The same identity holds in SI once g0 is included: F = ṁ g0 Isp.

Sea-level or vacuum Isp?

They differ because of nozzle back-pressure. Enter the Isp (or ve) that matches the condition you mean. This page does not model a nozzle or an ambient pressure.